SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
(SARD)


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HYDROPONIC WOMEN FARMERS (PAVAS, COSTA RICA)

Is crop production restricted by factors such as: no access to land, low-fertility soils, easily degraded soils? Many persons may respond “yes” to this question, but a group of 35 women farmers in the urban community of Pavas, Costa Rica did not consider that being landless was a constraint to crop production. Instead, since 1995 these women have been using hydroponics to produce medicinal plants and a range of vegetables. Hydroponics, which involves use of a non-soil substrate to provide physical support for the plants, uses water as a medium to deliver the nutrients for plant growth.

The 35-member group of women used a small area, approximately 15m2, to produce vegetables such as peppers, onions, asparagus and in the process promoted agro-tourism in their community. When necessary, organic pesticides were used by the women to control pests and diseases. Their organic produce has been used by their families, and the surplus sold to neighbours and institutions such as schools and hospitals in Pavas. From sales of excess produce, the women created a revolving fund for the purchase of materials and nutrients necessary for their hydroponic crop production system. The women farmers also shared their knowledge through the training of other members of their community in the production of vegetables using hydroponics.

Recycled plastic containers were used to hold the non-soil substrate, and through recycling, the efficiency of water use improved. Less water was used for the cultivation of vegetables grown in a hydroponic system than then amount required in conventional crop production systems. In view of the World Bank’s prediction of a scarcity of water for agriculture, it is exceedingly desirable to have a crop production system with reduced water requirement.

The above factors together with the management of beneficial insects and reduced use of chemical pesticides, were all essential elements which contributed to the success of the project. The various activities have also resulted in improved self-esteem, higher nutritional level of members of the community, increased household income, and improved family integration.